Dagens aksjemarked Nyheter amp Analyse Realtid etter timer Pre-Market Nyheter Flash Sitat Sammendrag Sitat Interaktive diagrammer Standardinnstilling Vær oppmerksom på at når du har valgt ditt valg, gjelder det for alle fremtidige besøk på NASDAQ. Hvis du, når som helst, er interessert i å gå tilbake til standardinnstillingene, velg Standardinnstilling ovenfor. Hvis du har spørsmål eller støter på problemer ved å endre standardinnstillingene, vennligst send epost til isfeedbacknasdaq. Vennligst bekreft ditt valg: Du har valgt å endre standardinnstillingen for Quote Search. Dette vil nå være din standardmålside, med mindre du endrer konfigurasjonen din igjen, eller du sletter informasjonskapslene dine. Er du sikker på at du vil endre innstillingene Vi har en tjeneste å spørre Vennligst deaktiver annonseblokkeren din (eller oppdater innstillingene dine for å sikre at javascript og informasjonskapsler er aktivert), slik at vi kan fortsette å gi deg de førsteklasses markedsnyheter og data du har kommet til å forvente fra oss. Trulia8217s blogg Stephen Dorff selger en arkitektonisk perle i Malibu Etter 16 år går skuespilleren videre fra dette fantastiske stranden hjemme. Benji Madden nettopp kjøpt en nydelig middelalder moderne festpute Den gode Charlotte-musikken ble slått av Mr. Cameron Diaz har et vakkert nytt hjem. Disse store leilighetene koster det samme som et studio Vil du velge et byhus i sentrum av byen, eller ville du velge en leilighet over byen som tilbyr mer firkantede opptak 6 Homes With Unusual Storage Designs Disse boliger til salgs på Trulia bønner nesten å organisere dine eiendeler. Dakota Fanning8217s familie selger sin Studio City Home Barnets skuespillerinne snudde fullverdig stigende starlet sier farvel til barndomshjemmet. Dr. Ben Carson faller 1,22 millioner på et hjem i Virginia Du trenger ikke å være en hjerne kirurg for å begjære dette viltvoksende forstadshuset. Billie Lourd lister henne nylig kjøpt Santa Monica Home for 2.395 millioner Den tredje generasjons Hollywood starlet sier farvel til hennes startbilde. Er din utleier å bryte loven 8 Advarselsskilte Den beste måten å beskytte deg mot fra en uhensiktsløs utleier er å vite leietakerrettighetene dine. 3 oversett skatteavbrudd ditt hjem kan være i stand til å kontanter i på minimere hva du skylder og maksimere hva du kommer tilbake på skatt tid. NOTE: CDC har identifisert Brasil som et berørt område av Zika utbrudd. Gravide kvinner anbefales å være forsiktige da viruset kan føre til fødselsskader. Voksne som er rammet av virusopplevelsen feber, utslett, leddsmerter og konjunktivitt (røde øyne), som vanligvis varer en uke. Du kan lære mer ved å besøke den offisielle CDC-nettsiden. Brasiliansk real (BRL) 8,514,877km vann: 55,460km land: 8,459,417km offisiell: Portugisisk anerkjent i noen stater: Talian, Pomeranian, Hunsrik og tysk også snakket: 180 urfolkspråk, engelsk og spansk romersk katolsk 64,6, protestantisk 22,2, ingen 8.0 (2010-tellingen) Brasil (portugisisk: Brasil) er det største landet i Sør-Amerika og femte største i verden. Berømt for sin fotball (fotball) tradisjon og sin årlige Carnaval i Rio de Janeiro. Salvador. Recife og Olinda. Det er et land med stort mangfold, fra den travle urbane mosaikken til So Paulo til den uendelige kulturelle energien Pernambuco og Bahia. villmarken i Amazonas regnskog og verdensklasse landemerker som Iguau Falls. Det er mye å se og gjøre i Brasil. Forstå redigering Brasil ble bebodd utelukkende av urfolk, hovedsakelig av de etniske gruppene Tupi og Guarani. Settling av portugisisk begynte sent på det 16. århundre, med utvinning av verdifullt tre fra pau brasil treet, hvorfra landet trekker sitt navn. Brasil ble avgjort av portugisisk og ikke spansk, som var resten av Sentral, Sør og deler av Nord-Amerika i den nye verden. Til tross for portugisisk styre, i noen deler av Brasil, grunnla de nederlandske koloniene mellom 1630 og 1654. De grunnla flere byer, som Mauritsville (nå Recife, hovedstaden i delstaten Pernambuco, ved kanten av det nordøstlige landet) mange sukkerrørplantager. Nederlanderne kjempet en dystre jungelkrig med portugisisk, og uten støtte fra republikken deres hjemland på grunn av en krig med England, overgav nederlandskene seg til portugisisk, selv om de ikke officielt anerkjente portugisisk styre, noe som førte til en all - ut krig med Portugal utenfor kysten av Portugal i 1656. I 1665 ble Haag-fredstraktaten signert, Portugal mistet sine asiatiske kolonier og måtte betale 63 tonn gull for å kompensere Den nederlandske republikk for tap av sin koloni. Brasil ble sentrum av det portugisiske imperiet i 1808, da kong Dom Joo VI (John VI) flyktet fra Napoleons invasjon i Portugal og etablerte seg selv og sin regjering i byen Rio de Janeiro. De følgende århundrene så ytterligere utnyttelse av landets naturlige rikdommer som gull og gummi, sammen med økningen av en økonomi basert i stor grad på sukker, kaffe og afrikansk slavearbeid. I mellomtiden har utryddelse og kristendring av innfødte holdt sitt tempo, og i den 19. og 20. århundre fantes en ny invandringsbølge, hovedsakelig italiensk, tysk (i sørlige Brasil), spansk, japansk (i så Paulo og Paran-stater), amerikansk i So Paulo), og portugisisk, noe som gjør brasiliansk kultur og samfunn komplekse og unike. Etter tre århundrer under regelen i Portugal ble Brasil en uavhengig nasjon 7. september 1822. Inntil 1889 var Brasil et imperium under regelen av Dom Pedro I og hans sønn Dom Pedro II. På denne tiden ble det en fremvoksende internasjonal makt. Men i løpet av disse tre og et halvt århundre var Brasil nasjonen i Amerika med den mest utbredte slaveriet, den første som bringer afrikanske folk til å arbeide med makt, og den siste til å frigjøre dem. På grunn av engelske lover mot slaveri (noen argumenterer mer for økonomiske konkurranser enn menneskehetens grunner) og kamp mellom hvite og svarte mennesker, slaver og frie, for avskaffelse, endte slaveriet i 1888. Men frihet innebar ikke likestilling til de nå-frie svarte menneskene og deres etterkommere. Langt det største og mest folkerike landet i Latin-Amerika har det også overvunnet mer enn to tiår (1964-1985) av militærdiktaturet som fanger, eksiler, torturert og myrdet potensielle motstandere, de fleste av oss uskyldige sivile. Disse mørke tider er kjent som Os Anos de Chumbo (år for bly). Bare nylig, med etableringen av en National Truth Commission (2011), har nasjonen begynt å møte menneskerettighetsbruddene som fulgte det amerikanske støttede kuppet som omstyrtet demokratisk valgt Joo Goulart i 1964. Brasil har kommet tilbake til demokratisk styre mens står overfor utfordringen med å holde sin industrielle og landbruksvoksende vekst og utvikle interiøret. Utnytte enorme naturressurser og et stort arbeidspool, Brasil er en økonomi i Latin-Amerika og en regional leder. Brasil har høye kriminalitetskvoter, ulik inntekt og systemisk, århundrer gammel korrupsjon. Til tross for det, prøver folk å forbli lykkelige og festlige. Kulturredigering På grunn av Brazils kontinentale dimensjoner, variert geografi, historie og folk er landets kultur rik og mangfoldig. Den har store regionale variasjoner (selv blant nabostater noen ganger) og til tross for at de for det meste er forenet med et enkelt språk, er enkelte regioner og stater så forskjellige fra hverandre at de ser ut som forskjellige land. Musikk spiller en viktig rolle i brasiliansk identitet. Stiler som choro. samba og bossa nova regnes egentlig brasiliansk. Caipira musikk er også i roten til sertanejo. den nasjonale som svarer til landmusikk. MPB står for brasiliansk populærmusikk, som blander flere nasjonale stilarter under et enkelt konsept. Forr. en nordøstlig glad dansemusikk stil, har også blitt vanlig landsdekkende. Nye urbane stiler inkluderer funk - navn gitt til en dansemusikkgenre fra Rios favelas som blander tunge elektroniske beats og ofte raunchy rapping - og techno-brega. en mengde-pleaser i Nord-stater, som smelter romantisk pop, dansemusikk og karibisk rytmer. Brasiliansk funk er den mest populære typen musikk de lytter til. Den har en konstant og gjentatt beat som alltid er den samme, den endres aldri. De holder takten og synger sanger til den. Det er mer enn 1000 sanger som er funk. Du tror kanskje at folk blir lei av samme takt, men nei. Det er så imponerende at det er så mange sanger at det aldri blir gammelt. Funk kan betraktes som tradisjon på grunn av sin styrke i rytme og bringer folk sammen. En blanding av kampsport, dans, musikk og spill, capoeira ble skapt av afrikanske slaver brakt til Brasil, hovedsakelig fra portugisisk Angola. Distinguished av levende kompliserte bevegelser og tilhørende musikk, kan den ses og praktiseres i mange brasilianske byer. I klassisk musikk er den nyklassiske perioden spesielt bemerkelsesverdig på grunn av komponister som Heitor Villa-Lobos og Camargo Guarnieri, som opprettet en typisk brasiliansk skole, blander elementer fra den tradisjonelle europeiske musikken til brasilianske rytmer, mens andre komponister som Cludio Santoro fulgte retningslinjene fra den andre skolen i Wien. I den romantiske perioden var det største navnet Antonio Carlos Gomes, forfatter av noen italienske operaer med typiske brasilianske temaer, som Il Guarany og Lo Schiavo. I den klassiske perioden er det mest fremtredende navnet Jos Maurcio Nunes Garcia, en prest som skrev både hellig og sekulær musikk og ble veldig påvirket av den klassiske Wienske klassiske stilen fra det 18. og det 19. århundre. Candomble og Umbanda er religioner med afrikanske røtter som har overlevd fordommer og forfølgelse og fortsatt har et betydelig følge i Brasil. Deres kultsteder heter Terreiros, og mange er åpne for å besøke. Urfolksegenskaper kan bli funnet spesielt i Nord-regionen, fra mat til ordforråd. Det er fortsatt mange innfødte grupper og stammer som bor i Nord, selv om mange har blitt dypt påvirket av den vestlige kulturen, og flere av landets overlevende urfolkspråk er truet. Den tradisjonelle livsstilen og grafiske uttrykkene til Wajpi-urfolksgruppen fra staten Amap ble proklamert et mesterverk av verdens immaterielle arv av UNESCO. Globo, det største nasjonale fjernsynsnettverket, spiller også en viktig rolle i utformingen av nasjonal identitet og den offentlige mening. Ni av ti husstander har et TV-apparat, som er den viktigste kilden til informasjon og underholdning for de fleste brasilianere, etterfulgt av radiosendingen. TV-serier sprer sport, filmer, lokal og nasjonal nyheter og telenovelas (såpeoperaer) 6-10 måneders lange serier som har blitt en av landets viktigste kulturelle eksport. Folk rediger Gjennom sin historie har Brasil ønsket velkommen flere forskjellige folk og praksis. Brasil utgjør en smeltedigel av de mest mangfoldige etniske gruppene og derved mildrer etniske fordommer og hindrer rasekonflikter, selv om langvarig slaveri og folkemord blant urbefolkninger har tatt sin bompenge. Fordom er lunken siden denne saken er tabu i Brasil, og mer rettet mot forskjellige sosiale klasser enn mellom raser. Likevel er rase eller bare hudfarge fortsatt en delingsfaktor i det brasilianske samfunnet, og du vil legge merke til at huden vanligvis blir mørkere ettersom sosialklassen blir lavere. Rikke overklassepersoner er nesten hvite. Noen mellomklasse er mulato (blandet rase ) og til og med svart og flertallet av fattige mennesker er svarte - unntatt i Sør-regionen fordi svarte og mulatos komponerer mindre enn 10 av befolkningen. I dag er imidlertid Afro-Brasilianske og Amerindiske befolkninger mer og mer oppmerksomme på deres sivile rettigheter og deres rike kulturarv, og sosial mobilitet er oppnåelig gjennom utdanning. Generelt er brasilianer et morsomt folk. Mens sørlige kan være litt kaldere og mer reservert, fra Rio oppover, skryter folk vanligvis en fengslende holdning til livet og virkelig liker å ha det bra. Noen kan til og med fortelle deg at øl, fotball, samba, grill og kvinne er alt de kan kreve etter. Vennskap og gjestfrihet er høyt roste egenskaper, og familie og sosiale forbindelser er sterkt verdsatt. Til folk de har møtt, eller i hvert fall vet ved navn, er brasilianer vanligvis veldig åpne, vennlige og noen ganger ganske sjenerøse. Når det er innført, til en god grunn til ikke, kan en typisk brasilianere behandle deg så varmt som han ville behandle en beste venn. Brasilianer er ansett som et av de mest gjestfrie folkene i verden, og utlendinger blir vanligvis behandlet med respekt og ofte med sann beundring. Holdninger til utlendinger kan også bli gjenstand for noen forskjellsbehandling: I de fleste byer kan noen som snakker, opptrer eller ser ut som en turist (selv andre brasilianere) bli belastet høyere priser, for eksempel i parkeringsplasser, restauranter, kjøpesentre osv. Brasilianer ser ut til å være genuint vennlige, men mange er vant til små handlinger av korrupsjon i hverdagen, den såkalte jeitinho brasileiro (brasilianske veien). Rio de Janeiro folk skryter om deres evne til å smitte folk (spesielt fra andre land og brasilianske stater) og til og med kallenavnet deres stat Terra de Malandro (Weasel Land). Hvis du åpenbart ser ut som en turist, er du et potensielt mål, for eksempel kan en leverandør prøve å selge varer til høyere priser, eller en drosjesjåfør kan velge den lengste ruten til destinasjonen. Det betyr ikke at du ikke kan stole på noen, bare at du må være litt mer våken og forsiktig, spesielt hvis noen synes for vennlig. Legg merke til i noen stater kaller folk alle venner uansett graden av intimitet de har til hverandre, bare like gode manerer. Mens den vestlige roten til den brasilianske kulturen er stort sett europeisk, spesielt iberisk, som det fremgår av sine koloniale byer og til og med sporadiske historiske bygninger mellom skyskrapere, har det vært en sterk tendens i de siste tiårene til å vedta en mer amerikansk livsstil som finnes i urbane kultur og arkitektur, massemedia, forbrukerisme og en sterkt positiv følelse mot teknisk utvikling. Til tross for det er Brasil fortsatt en nasjon som vender mot Atlanterhavet, ikke mot Hispanic-Amerika. Brasilianer er ikke Hispanic. Noen kan bli fornærmet hvis en besøkende åpenbart sier at, eller har en tendens til å tro at brasilianere har spansk som grunnskole eller sekundær språk, vil besøkende motta en varmere velkomst hvis de prøver å starte samtaler på portugisisk, men selv om den besøkende snakker spansk mot brasilianere , de er sannsynlig å svare på portugisisk. Kontrastene i dette enorme landet fascinerer og støtter likest mulig de fleste besøkende, særlig europeerne, og likegyldigheten til mange lokalbefolkningen mot sosiale, økonomiske og økologiske problemer. Mens en fremvoksende elite av unge, godt utdannede fagfolk gir seg til det moderne samfunnets fasiliteter, barnearbeid, analfabetisme og undermenneskelige boligforhold fortsatt eksisterer, selv i regioner som er velsignet av økonomisk vekst og store utenlandske investeringer som So Paulo eller Rio. Så mye som brasilianer anerkjenner deres selvbærbarhet i råvarer, jordbruk og energikilder som en enorm fordel for fremtiden, er de fleste enige om at uten stor innsats i utdanning vil det nesten ikke være en vei ut av fattigdom og underutvikling. Siden begynnelsen av det 21. århundre har Brasil møtt en økende bølge av innvandring fra Kina. Bolivia. Colombia. Peru. Nigeria. Haiti og Angola. Brasil har også et økende antall innvandrere fra Midtøsten. spesielt fra Syria. Klima redigere Brasil er et stort land med forskjellige klimasone. I Norden. i nærheten av ekvator er det en våt og en tørr sesong fra omtrent So Paulo ned til sør er det fjærer sommeren vinter. Været endres hele tiden og er noen ganger en overraskelse. Det kan være brennende varmt, så koker ned og blir veldig kaldt. Det kan være solfylt 1 minutt, og begynner å regne det andre minuttet. Det varme klimaet er perfekt for stranden og ute ute. Helligdager og arbeidstider rediger Brasil følger følgende 13 nasjonale helligdager. Nyttår - 1. januar Carnival - FebruaryMarch (Movable - 7 uker før påske. Mandag og tirsdag er selve ferien, men feiringer begynner vanligvis på lørdag og siste til klokken 12.00 i Ash Wednesday, når butikker og tjenester gjenåpnes.) God fredag - MarchApril (flyttbar) to dager før påskedag Tiradentes - 21. april Arbeidsdag - 1. mai Corpus Christi - MayJune (flyttbar) seksti dager etter påskedagens uavhengighetsdag - 7. september Patroness of Brazil - 12. oktober All Souls Day (Finados) - 2. november Republikken - 15. november Jul - 25. desember Arbeidstid er vanligvis fra kl. 08.00 eller 09.00 til 17.00 eller 18.00. Bankene åpner mandag til fredag, kl. 10.00-16.00. Streetbutikker har en tendens til å lukke ved middagstid på lørdag og bare gjenåpnes på mandag. Kjøpesentre åpner normalt fra kl. 10.00 til 22.00, mandag til lørdag og fra kl. 15.00 til 21.00 på søndager. Noen kjøpesentre, spesielt i store byer, er også åpne på søndager, men ikke alle butikkene kan være åpne. Det er også mulig å finne døgnåpne butikker og små markeder som er åpne selv om søndager. Elektrisitet redigere Brasil er et av få land som bruker både 110 og 220 volt for hverdagsapparater. Forvent spenningen å skifte frem og tilbake mens du reiser fra sted til sted - selv innenfor samme brasilianske stat, noen ganger i samme bygning. Det er ingen fysisk forskjell i strømuttakene (strømnettet) for de to spenningene. Selv om Brasil har sin egen type strømuttak, bruker nesten ingen det. Elektriske utsalgssteder aksepterer vanligvis både flate (nordamerikanske) og runde (europeiske) plugger. Ellers er adaptere fra flatblader til rundepinner enkle å finne i hvilken som helst supermarked eller maskinvarebutikk. Noen utsalgssteder er for smale for de tyske Schuko plugger. Den beste provisoriske løsningen er å kjøpe en billig T-tilkobling og bare tvinge din Schuko inn, T vil bryte, men det vil fungere. Svært få utsalgssteder har et grunnpunkt, og noen aksepterer kanskje ikke nyere nordamerikanske polariserte plugger, hvor en pin er litt større. Igjen, bruk billig T. Nær grensen med Argentina. Du kan av og til finne utsalgssteder for AustraliaNew Zealand-pluggen. Hvis du krysser grensen, trenger du sannsynligvis også denne adapteren. I 20092010 ble IEC 60906-1 introdusert til Brasil, og noen nyere bygninger har allerede den. Den er bakoverkompatibel med Europluggen, men den har en tilbaketrukket kontakt. Igjen kan T-pluggene brukes som adaptere for andre vanlige formater. Frekvensen er 60Hz, noe som kan forstyrre 50Hz elektriske klokker. Blackouts er mindre og mindre hyppige, men du har alltid en risiko i høysesongen i små turistbyer. Regioner redigere Brasilregioner Brasil har mange spennende byer, alt fra vakre kolonisteder og kyststopp til hektiske, livlige metropoler. Dette er noen av de mest fremtredende reisemålene: Braslia - Brasilens hovedstad og et arkitektonisk skue. Bemerkelsesverdige bygninger inkluderer en kurvformet katedral, det vakre Arches-palasset (Justisdepartementets plass) og andre. Florianpolis - Byen ligger i en øy i Atlanterhavet i den sørlige staten Santa Catarina, med innsjøer, laguner, fantastisk natur og mer enn 40 rene, vakre, naturlige strender. Stor destinasjon for argentiner i sommermånedene. Fortaleza - Den femte største byen i Brasil, velsignet med vakre strender. Hjemmet på Iracema Beach street markedet. En god base for å utforske strendene på nordøstkysten, inkludert Jericoacoara. Famed for forr musikk og komikere. Manaus - Ligger i hjertet av Amazonas, er hovedstaden i Amazonas State, og det er også Amazonas største by. På Manaus møter elvene Negro og Solimes for å bli Amazonas-elven. Det beste stedet å besøke Amazonas regnskog. Det er en inngangsport til Anavilhanas og til Ja National Park. Porto Alegre - en stor by mellom Argentina og So Paulo og inngangsporten til Brazils fantastiske grønne kløfter. Recife - En by i Nordøst-regionen, opprinnelig avgjort av nederlandske kolonister. Kallenavnet Den brasilianske Venezia, den er bygget på flere øyer forbundet med mange broer. Rik på historie, kunst og folklore. Ikke gå glipp av nabo Olinda og Porto de Galinhas. Byen er også en inngangsport til Fernando de Noronha fantastiske skjærgård. Rio de Janeiro - Verdensberømte, vakre by som ønsker besøkende velkommen med en stor statue av en åpen væpnet Jesus på toppen av Corcovado Hill. Salvador - Den første hovedstaden i Brasil er hjemmet til en unik blanding av urfolk, afrikanske og europeiske kulturer. Karnevalsrollet er kjent, og innflytelsen fra afrikansk kultur og religion er bemerkelsesverdig. Så Paulo - Brazils største, rikeste og mest kosmopolitiske by, hvor du kan finne sterke påvirkninger av flere etnisiteter, inkludert italiensk, koreansk, japansk, tysk, russisk, karibisk, gresk og arabisk. Andre destinasjoner redigere Luftfoto av Amazonas regnskog Amazonia - jungel turer, dyreliv, floated wood, mysteriene til Amazonas Chapada Diamantina National Park Chapada dos Veadeiros 8212 cerrado (tropiske savann) dyreliv og fantastiske fossefall Fernando de Noronha 8212 tropisk øy paradis i Midt i Atlanterhavet, er beskyttet som Marine National Park siden 1997 og et verdensarvsted Ilha Grande - en vakker brasiliansk øy, ca 150 km fra Rio de Janeiro Iguau Falls 8212 verdensberømte fosser Ilha do Maraj - en øy på Munnen av Amazonas elva Ilha do Mel (Honey Island) - beskyttet økologisk område i kysten av Paran, har de vakreste strendene i denne staten. Derfra kan to andre øyer nås: Superagi og Ilha das Peas, begge deler av Parque Nacional do Superagi (et UNESCO naturarvsted). Lenis Maranhenses Pantanal 8212 er verdens største våtmark vert for mye øko-turisme og stor biologisk mangfold, inkludert caiman, jaguar, anaconda, gigantisk anteater, primater, gigantisk otter og piranha Itacare. En utrolig vakker fiske - og surfingby på kysten av Sør-Bahia hvor Rio Contas og regnskogen møter Atlanterhavet. Berømt for å ha noen av de beste surfstrendene i Brasil og for kakaoplantasjene, den rå ingrediens for å lage sjokolade. Få i rediger Visa krav på visum Brasil har en gjensidig visumpolitikk med alle land, noe som betyr at når prisene og restriksjonene gjelder for brasilianer som besøker et land, vedtar Brasil samme tiltak for landets besøkende. Borgere fra Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru og Uruguay kan komme inn i landet med et gyldig ID-kort og holde opptil 90 dager. Venezuelanske statsborgere kan komme inn i landet med et gyldig ID-kort og holde opptil 60 dager. Ingen visum kreves for opphold på opptil 90 dager fra pasienter fra disse landene, med mindre annet er angitt: Andorra, Argentina, Østerrike, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgia, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Kroatia, Tsjekkia Danmark, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estland, Finland, Frankrike, Tyskland, Hellas, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong SAR-pass, Ungarn, Island, Irland, Israel, Italia, Sør-Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Litauen, Luxembourg, Macau, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Marokko, Namibia, Nederland, New Zealand, Norge, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Filippinene, Polen, Portugal, Romania, Russland, San Marino, Singapore (30 dager), Slovakia, Slovenia, Sør-Afrika, Spania, Surinam, Sverige, Sveits, Thailand, Trinidad Amp, Tobago, Tunisia, Tyrkia, Storbritannia (Inkludert britiske nasjonale passasjerer), Uruguay, Venezuela (60 dager) og Vatikanstaten. Merk at innvandringsoffiser har rett til å begrense visumet ditt til mindre enn 90 dager, hvis han finner det passende. (Dette har blitt gjort rutinemessig for enslige mannlige reisende som ankommer Fortaleza. Påstått å bekjempe prostitusjonsturisme.) Han vil da angi antall dager (f. eks. 60 eller 30) i penn skriving inne i stempelet som bare er gitt i passet ditt hvis ikke forblir som 90 dager. I tillegg, fra 1. juni til 18. september 2016, i anledning av olympiske og paralympiske spill i Rio de Janeiro, vil borgere fra Australia, Canada, Japan og USA bli unntatt fra visumkrav for opphold som ikke overstiger 90 dager for turisme bare . (Dette unntaket krever ikke at reisende skal delta i OL.) 1 Borgere fra alle andre land (komplett liste 2) krever visum. Avgiftene varierer avhengig av gjensidighet: For eksempel må amerikanske statsborgere betale US160 for turist - eller forretningsvisum. Fra og med februar 2015, burde statsborgere i Canada forvente å betale minst CDN97.50 for et turistvisum, ikke inkludert noen håndterings - eller behandlingsavgifter. Kostnad for Brasil visum for borgerne i Taiwan eller taiwansk pastholder betale 20 (Referanse fra Brasil ambassade i Lima, Peru) og 5 dager å behandle. Gjenkjenningen gjelder imidlertid også ofte for visumgyldighet: Amerikanske statsborgere kan få visum gyldige inntil 10 år, og også kanadiske statsborgere for inntil 5. Visumprosessen er spesielt kjedelig for amerikanske borgere, og særlig oppmerksomhet skal utbetales. Det er flere konsulater i landet, men du må søke på konsulatet som dekker din jurisdiksjon. Du må sende inn en kopi av din ID eller en nyhetsbrev som bevis på opphold, selv om det ikke er oppført overalt. Visa seksjoner godtar ikke telefonsamtaler, og det kan hende du må sende dem på forhånd for å klargjøre en bestemt situasjon. For et turistvisum må du sende inn en kopi av flybilletten eller reservasjonen, et bilde og din signatur. Fra og med desember 2015 må du laste opp bildet og signaturen på nettet og filene må ha bestemte størrelser. Bildet må ha et 1,5 x 2-forhold, eller det ville ikke laste opp. Hvert konsulat vil liste behandlingstidspunktet, med mindre det foreligger en nødsituasjon, ville de ikke behandle søknaden din raskere enn nevnt. Konsulatet ville ikke engang varsle en søker om dokumenter mangler. Hvis du ikke har alle dokumentene, blir søknaden din nektet, gebyret belastes, og behandlingstiden starter fra 0. Bruk 2 til 3 måneder på forhånd eller gå personlig hvis mulig. Turistvisum (inkludert de som er gitt på stedet i innvandringskontroll, som for de fleste europeere) kan forlenges på ethvert kontor i Policia Federal. Alle statlige hovedsteder, og de fleste grensebyer og internasjonale havner har en. Turistvisumene utvides kun én gang, i maksimalt 90 dager, og under ingen omstendigheter kan du bli gitt mer enn 180 dager med et visum for reisen for en 365-dagers periode. Du bør kontakte det føderale politiet ca. 1 uke før ditt visum utløper. Håndteringsgebyret er for tiden R 67 (okt. 2008). Du kan bli bedt om en utgående billett (bestill en fullstendig refunderbar en på internett, avbryt deretter når visumet ditt er forlenget), og et bevis på støtten (for hvilket kredittkortet ditt er mest akseptert.) For å søke om forlengelsen , må du fylle ut Emisso da Guia de Recolhimento på føderale politiets nettside, som du vil bære til Banco do Brasil for å betale gebyret. Ikke betal avgiften før du har snakket med en føderal politimann om saken din. Hvis shehe nekter forlengelsen av visumet ditt, må du ha en bankkonto i Brasil for å motta tilbakebetaling. Kravet om å først komme inn i Brasil innen 90 dager etter utstedelse av visum gjelder bare for statsborgere i Angola, Bahrain, Burma, Kambodsja, Kapp Verde, Kina, Kuba, Ekvatorialguinea, Gabon, Ghana, Hellas, Honduras, Indonesia, Japan , Jordan, Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Libya, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Filippinene, Portugal, Qatar, Syria, Sveits, Taiwan, Thailand og Tunisia. Manglende innlevering av Brasil innen 90 dager vil ugyldiggjøre visumet, uansett hvor lenge det ellers gjelder. Oppføring vs. utgangsfrigaller Umiddelbart etter at passet ditt er stampet av det brasilianske føderale politi, må du sørge for at siste nummer på høyre side av stempelet er et oddetall. Et nummer 1 (luft) 3 (båt) 5 (bilbuss) indikerer at du har angitt landet og et nummer 246 indikerer at du har gått ut. Noen føderale politibetjente har feilaktig gitt utlendinger det jevnste stempelet når de kommer inn. Hvis du har jevnt nummerstempel og forsøker å utvide visumet i en by som ikke er inngangsporten din, vil du bli fortalt å gå tilbake til byen der du mottok feil stempel, slik at det kan bli korrigert før du kan motta forlengelse. Etter lov er det pålagt å produsere utgående billett ved oppføring, men dette håndheves kun i unntakstilfeller. Selv om du blir spurt, kan du ofte komme unna med å forklare at du tar bussen til Argentina, og kunne ikke kjøpe billetten i, si, Europa. Hvis du overstiger ditt turistvisum, blir du bøtelagt R8.28 per dag (fra oktober 2007), i maksimalt 100 dager. Dette betyr at selv om du forblir ulovlig i 5 år, vil bøtet aldri overstige R828. Du vil bli gjort for å betale dette ved grenseovergangen. Siden dette kan ta tid, kan det være lurt å gjøre det noen dager fremover på et føderalt politistyret, spesielt hvis du har en internasjonal tilflytting til en internasjonal flyselskap. Den føderale politiet vil da gi deg 8 dager for å komme ut av landet. Hvis du ikke betaler bøyden din ved avslutning, må du betale neste gang du skriver inn. Det faktum at du har blitt bøtelagt for å overstaying tidligere, innebærer ikke normalt fremtidige vanskeligheter med innvandring, men du bør alltid beholde alle kvitteringer og gamle pass for referanse. Hvis du vil fortrykke landet av en eller annen grunn uten å komme i kontakt med innvandringsmyndighetene, er det mange små grensebyer som nesten ikke har kontroll. Du vil kanskje bli fortalt av det lokale politiet (som ikke har frimerker eller dataregister for innvandring) for å kontakte det føderale politiet i en slik nærliggende by. Når du reiser fra visse tropiske regioner til Brasil, trenger du en gul febervaksinasjon og sertifikatet som viser at du hadde dette. Legg merke til at det er ulovlig å bringe inn dyr, kjøtt, melkeprodukter, frø, planter, egg, honning, frukt eller noe slags ikke-bearbeidet mat uten tillatelse. Kontakt vigiagroagricultura. gov. br for mer informasjon. Ved fly redigere Dine juridiske rettigheter og plikter som flypassasjer under brasiliansk lov Gratis innsjekkingstillatelse. På internasjonale flyvninger fra Brasil, har alle passasjerer rett til innsjekking minst 2 poser (hver veier opptil 32 kg) gratis. På innenlandsflyvninger innen Brasil (på fly med mer enn 31 plasser), har alle passasjerer rett til innsjekkingsposer som veier opptil 23 kg totalt uten omkostninger. ID-krav. På innenlandsflyvninger innen Brasil må utenlandske statsborgere fremvise et gyldig pass ved innsjekking og ombordstigningsporten, eller en nasjonal identitetskortdiplomatisk legitimasjon kan aksepteres basert på avtaler mellom Brasil og utstedelseslandet. På internasjonale flyvninger må utenlandske statsborgere presentere et gyldig pass (og visum for mottakerlandet hvis nødvendig), alternativt kan en nasjonal identitetskortdiplomatisk legitimasjon aksepteres basert på avtaler mellom Brasil og utstedelseslandet. Bistand fra flyselskapet i tilfelle flyforsinkelse, kansellering eller nektet ombordstigning. 1 timers ventetid - gratis kommunikasjon (f. eks. Telefonsamtaler, internett osv.) 2 timers ventetid - gratis kommunikasjon snacks vann 4 timers ventetid - gratis kommunikasjon snacks vann innkvartering transport fra overnatting (pluss muligheten til å omdirigere eller motta tilbakebetaling hvis ønskelig) For mer informasjon: Passasjerhåndbok av det brasilianske sivile luftfartskontoret (ANAC). De billigste flybillettene er fra februar (etter Carnaval) til mai og fra august til november. Tickets from New York. for instance, can cost as little as US699 including taxes. Many undersubscribed flights within Brazil can be had for bargain prices. By far the largest international airport in Brazil is So Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport (IATA. GRU ICAO. SBGR ), the hub of TAM airlines 3. which has direct flights to many capital cities in South America. Other direct flights include: The second largest airport in Brazil is Rio de Janeiro-Galeo International Airport . (IATA. GIG ICAO. SBGL ) the home of Gol Transportes Areos 4. which flies to many regional destinations including Santiago. Buenos Aires and Asuncion. Other direct flights include: From Oceania there are services avaible to Brazil through connections in intermediate stops: Sydney and Auckland are served by LAN Airlines with a connection in Santiago. Qantass direct flight from Sydney to Santiago has codeshare agreements with LAN and TAM Airlnes making it possible to get a connection to Brazil there. South African Airways links Perth and Sydney to Brazil via Johannesburg. Sydney. Melbourne. Perth and Auckland are served by Emirates via Dubai. Sydney is also served by Ethiad Airways via Abu Dhabi. The Northeastern capitals have slightly shorter flying times to Europe and North America: In addition to the above, TAP flies directly to Salvador. Brasilia. Belo Horizonte. Campinas. Porto Alegre. TAP Portugal 5 is the foreign airline with most destinations in Brazil, from Lisbon and Porto. and provides extensive connection onwards to Europe and Africa. American Airlines has flights from Miami to Manaus. Curitiba. Porto Alegre. Braslia. Belo Horizonte and Salvador. Copa Airlines flies from its hub in Panama City to Belo Horizonte. Braslia. Porto Alegre and Manaus. provinding a wide range of destinations in North America, Central America and the Caribbean. Air travel in Brazil has increased exponentially in the past few years, partly as a result of the poor condition of many Brazilian roads(qv)and the absence of any viable railroad network (cf India). It is still relatively inexpensive with bargains sometimes available and easily the best option for long distance travel within the country. Some major aiports, particularly those in Sao Paulo and Rio, are, however, becoming very congested. By car edit The main border crossings are at: In certain border towns, notably Foz do Iguau Ciudad del Este Puerto Iguazu. you do not need entryexit stamps or other formalities for a daytrip into the neighbouring country. These same towns are good venues if you for some reason want to cross without contact with immigration authorities. By bus edit Long-distance bus services connect Brazil to its neighboring countries. The main capitals linked directly by bus are Buenos Aires. Asuncin. Montevideo. Santiago de Chile. and Lima. Direct connections from the first three can also be found easily, but from Lima it might be tricky, though easily accomplished by changing at one of the others. Those typically go to So Paulo. though Pelotas has good connections too. It should be kept in mind that distances between So Paulo and any foreign capitals are significant, and journeys on the road may take up to 3 days, depending on the distance and accessibility of the destination. The national land transport authority has listings6 in Portuguese on all operating international bus lines. Online tickets around the country can be found at several websites like Guiche Virtual7. brasilbybus8. Chegue. L9. Embarcou10 and NetViagem11. Green Toad Bus 12 offers bus passes between Brazil and neighbouring countries as well as around Brazil itself. By boat edit Amazon river boats connect northern Brazil with Peru, Venezuela and Colombia. The ride is a gruelling 12 days upriver though. From French Guiana. you can cross the river Oyapoque . which takes about 15 minutes. By train edit Train service within Brazil is almost nonexistent. However, there are exceptions to the rule, including the Trem da Morte . or Death Train, which goes from Santa Cruz. Bolivia. to a small town just over the border from Corumb in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. There is still a train line from there all the way to So Paulo which at the moment is not in use, but bus connections to So Paulo via the state capital, Campo Grande. are plentiful. The journey itself is reputedly replete with robbers who might steal your backpack or its contents but security has been increased recently and the journey can be made without much difficulty. It goes through the Bolivian agricultural belt and along the journey one may see a technologically-averse religious community which resembles the USAs Amish in many ways. Get around edit By plane edit Brazil Air Pass If you intend to visit various cities within Brazil, you should consider getting a Brazil Air Pass, offered by TAM or Gol8212 you purchase between 4 and 9 flight tickets which can be used at any time for any destination within Brazil served by the airline. A typical 4-ticket pass starts at around US580 while a full 9 tickets will run around US1150. In addition, Gol also offers a cheaper flight pass good for travel only within the Northeast of the country. These passes can only be obtained before arrival in the country, and you must prove that you have already purchased international return trip tickets or tickets for onward travel. Air service covers most of Brazil. Note that many flights make many stops en route, particularly in hubs as So Paulo or Brasilia. Most airports with regular passenger traffic are operated by the federal Infraero .13. They have a very convenient website, with an English version. It lists all the airlines operating at each airport, and also has updated flight schedules. There are now several Brazilian booking engines that are good (although not perfect) for comparing flights and prices between different companies. They will mostly include an extra fee, hence it is cheaper to book on the airlines own site. The Brazilian airline scene completely changed at least twice over the last 10 years or so. The largest carriers are now TAM14 and Gol 15. which share more than 80 of the domestic market between them. The traditional Varig is now just another brand of Gol. Others include WebJet 16. Avianca 17. and Azul 18. TRIP 19 has short-haul flights to smaller airports throughout the country, and Pantanal 20 and Puma 21 are growing in the same segment. Portuguese TAP 22 has a few domestic code shares with TAM. There are also a number of regional companies, such as NHT 23 (Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina ). Price differences, at least if a ticket is purchased on the internet well in advance, are so small that its rather meaningless to call any of these low cost, although WebJet and Azul have lately been a notch cheaper for domestic flights. Booking on the domestic carriers sites can be frustrating for non-Brazilian citizens. Often, you will be asked for your CPF (national identity number) while paying by credit card. Even if you - as a foreigner - have a CPF, the sites will often not recognize it. Gol now accepts international cards, but the system is buggy (Oct.2010). One trick that might work is to visit one of the airlines foreign websites, although prices may vary. Many flights can also be found on foreign booking engines where no CPF is needed. If you book weeks in advance, most carriers will give you the option to pay by bank deposit ( boleto bancrio ), which is actually payable by cash not only in banks, but also in a number of supermarkets, pharmacies and other stores. Buying a ticket at a travel agent is generally R 30 more expensive, noting that certain special offers only can be found online. Be aware that many domestic flights have so many stops that some, including yours, may be missing from the listings in the airports. Double check your flight number and confirm with ground staff. Certain domestic flights in Brazil are international, meaning that the flight has arrived from abroad and is continuing without clearing all passengers through customs and immigration. This means ALL passengers must do this at the next stop, even those having boarded in Brazil. Do NOT fill out a new immigration form, but show what you were given upon actual arrival to Brazil. By car edit The SP-160, or Rodovia dos Imigrantes Brazil has the largest road network in Latin America with over 1.6 million kilometres. A car is a good idea if you want to explore scenic areas, e. g. the historic cities of Minas Gerais, the Rio-Santos highway, or the beaches in North-East Brazil. There are the usual car rental companies at the airports. Many roads are in good condition, especially in the east and south of the country and along the coast. In other areas and outside the metropolitan regions there are also gravel and dirt roads for which an off-road vehicle can be strongly recommended. This especially applies to the Amazon area where many roads are difficult or not at all passable during the rainy season from November to March. This is why it is advisable to travel with a good map and to be well informed about distances, road conditions and the estimated travel time. Road maps of the brand Guia 4 Rodas (can be bought from most newsstands in Brazil) provide not only maps and distances but also information about current conditions of the roads. Cochera andina 24 publishes useful information on almost 300 routes in the country. In theory, the driving rules of Brazil resemble those of Western Europe or North American. In practice, driving in Brazil can be quite scary if you are used to European (even Mediterranean) or North American road culture, due to widespread violations of driving rules, and the toleration thereof. Distances kept to other vehicles are kept at a bare minimum, overtaking whenever close to possible, and changing lanes without much of a prior signal. Many large cities also suffer from hold-ups when you wait at a red light in the night. Even if there is no risk of robbery, many drivers (including of city buses) run red lights or stop signs at night when they do not see incoming traffic from the cross street. Drivers also indulge in creative methods of saving time, such as using the reverse direction lanes. In rural areas, many domestic animals are left at the roadside, and they sometimes wanders into the traffic. Pedestrians take enormous chances crossing the road, since many drivers do not bother to slow down if they see pedestrians crossing. The quality of the paving is very varied, and the presence of enormous potholes is something that strongly discourages night-driving. Also consider the risk of highway hold-ups after dark, not to mention truck drivers on amphetamines (to keep awake for days in a row). In Brazil cars are driven on the right hand side of the road. A flashing left signal means that the car ahead is warning you not to pass, for some reason. If the car ahead of you wants to show you that it is safe to pass it will flash the right signal. The right signal is the same signal to indicate that youre going to stop on the side of the road, so it means youre going to slow down. On the other hand the left signal is the same signal to indicate youre going to pass the car ahead, meaning youre going to speed up. Flashing, twinkling headlights from the cars coming on the opposite side of the road means caution on the road ahead. Most of the time, it indicates that there are animals, cops or speed radar ahead. Keep the doors locked when driving, especially in the larger cities, as robberies at stop signs and red lights are quite common in some areas. Youll make it much easier for the robber if he can simply open up the door and sit down. Be equally careful with keeping your windows wide open, as someone might put their hands inside your car and steal a wallet, for instance. Leave your handbags and valuables out of sight. By bicycle edit In smaller cities and towns the bicycle is a common means of transport. This does not mean that cyclists are usually respected by cars, trucks, or bus drivers. But you may find good roads with little traffic outside the cities. It is also easy to get a lift by a pickup or to have the bike transported by a long-distance bus. Cycling path are virtually non-existent in cities, except along certain beachfronts, such as Rio de Janeiro and Recife. There are a bicyclers groups around the country, e. g Sampa Bikers 25 in Sao Paulo which meets weekly. By train edit Regional rail system in So Paulo Brazils railway system was mostly wrecked during the military regimes. Today there are few passenger lines left: The Serra Verde Express 26 from Curitiba to Paranagu. This scenic 150 km long railroad links the capital of Paran to the coastal cities of Morretes and Paranagu. through the beautiful Serra do Mar mountains covered with mata atlntica forest. The trip takes about 3 hours and has bilingual guides. Trains leave daily at 08:15 and prices start from about R 50 (round-trip) - see CuritibaGetout for more information. From So Joo del Rei to Tiradentes - This 35-minute trip on a steam train is almost like time travel. The train operates Fri-Sun, with departures from So Joo at 10:00 and 15:00 and 13:00 and 17:00 from Tiradentes. The round trip costs R 16. From Belo Horizonte to Vitria - Daily trains operated by Companhia Vale do Rio Doce 27 leave Belo Horizonte at 07:30 and Vitria at 07:00. Travel time is about twelve and a half hours. Tickets are sold at the train stations and a single 2nd class fare costs about R 25. Seats are limited and it is not possible to reserve, so it is advisable to buy in advance. From So Luis to Parauapebas - interesting because part of it passes through the Amazon rainforest. From Macap to Serra do Navio From Campinas to Jaguariuna. Part of the old Ferrovia Mogiana, which was built to facilitate coffee exports in the late 19th and early 20th century. Entertaining guides. Only at weekends and holidays. Some steam trains. Inexpensive. About 1 hr each way. By inter-city bus edit Long-distance buses are a convenient, economical, and sometimes (usually if you buy the most expensive ticket), rather comfortable way to travel between regions. The bus terminal ( rodoviria ) in cities play a role akin to train stations in many countries. You should check travel distance and time while traveling within Brazil, going from Rio de Janeiro to the south region could take more than 24 hours, so it may worth going by plane if you can afford it. Brazil has a very good long distance bus network. Basically, any city of more than 100,000 people will have direct lines to the nearest few state capitals, and also to other large cities within the same range. Pretty much any little settlement has public transport of some kind (a lorry, perhaps) to the nearest real bus station. Mostly you have to go to the bus station to buy a ticket, although most major bus companies make reservations and sell tickets by internet with the requirement that you pick up your ticket sometime in advance. In a few cities you can also buy a ticket on the phone and have it delivered to your hotel for an extra charge of some 3-5 reais. Some companies have also adopted the airlines genius policy of pricing: In a few cases buying early can save you more than 50. The facility of flagging a bus and hopping on (if there are no available seats you will have to stand, still paying full price) is widespread in the country. This is less likely to work along a few routes where armed robberies have happened frequently, such as those leading to the border with Paraguay and to Foz do Iguau. There is no one bus company that serves the whole country, so you need to identify the company that connect two cities in particular by calling the bus station of one city. ANTT, the national authority for land transportation, has a search engine 28 (in Portuguese) for all available domestic bus lines. Be aware that some big cities like So Paulo and Rio have more than one bus station, each one covering certain cities around. It is good to check in advance to which bus station you are going. Another website which you can check the time, prices and buy tickets online is BuscaOnibus 29. Many times you need a CPF number to buy tickets, but recently BrasilbyBus and ClickBus now cater to tourist without the CPF number. Bus services are often sold in three classes: Regular, Executive and First-Class ( Leito . in Portuguese). Regular may or may not have air conditioning. For long distances or overnight travels, Executive offers more space and a folding board to support your legs. First-Class has even more space and only three seats per row, making enough space to sleep comfortably. Cheaper seats sometimes sell out fast, so it is worth making the trip early to the Rodoviaria or buy online. All trips of more than 4 hours are covered by buses with bathrooms and the buses stop for foodbathrooms at least once every 4 hours of travel. Brazilian bus stations, known as rodoviria or terminal rodovirio . tend to be located away from city centers. They are often in pretty sketchy areas, so if you travel at night be prepared to take a taxi tofrom the station. There will also be local bus lines. Even if you have a valid ticket bought from elsewhere, some Brazilian bus stations may also require a boarding card. This can be obtained from the bus company, often for a supplement fee. If you buy a ticket in the departure bus station you will also be given this boarding card. Rodovirias include many services, including fast-food restaurants, cafs, Internet cafs, toilets and left luggage. As a general rule, the larger the city, the more expensive the services (e. g. leaving a suitcase as left luggage in a smaller city may cost 1 R, but in Recife in might cost you 5 R). When buying tickets, as well as when boarding the bus, you may be asked for proof of ID. Brazilian federal law requires this for interstate transportation. Not all conductors know how to read foreign passports, so be prepared to show them that the name of the passport truly is the same as the name on the ticket. By city bus edit Most cities have extensive bus services. Multiple companies may serve a single city. There is almost never a map of the bus lines, and often bus stops are unmarked. Be prepared for confusion and wasted time. Buses have a board behind the windshield that advertises the main destinations they serve. You may have to ask the locals for information, but they may not know bus lines except the ones they usually take. In most cities you have to wave to stop the bus when you want to take it. This in itself would no pose a problem, however, in big cities there may be dozens of bus lines stopping at a given bus stop and bus stops are not designed to accommodate so many vehicles. Frequently one cannot observe the oncoming buses due to other buses blocking the view. Bus drivers are reluctant to slow down for a bus stop if they are not sure someone will take their bus, so it is common to miss your bus because you could not see it coming to wave on time or the driver did not see you waving in between buses already at the stop. Some people go into the middle of a busy street to wait for their bus to make sure they see it and the driver sees them. In some places, like Manaus, drivers even tend to ignore stop requests (both to get on and to get off) if it is not too easy to navigate to the bus stop. Most city buses have both a driver and a conductor. The conductor sits behind a till next to a turnstile. You have to pay the conductor, the price of the bus is usually advertised on the windshield. The turnstiles are narrow, and very inconvenient if one carries any kind of load (try balancing a heavy backpack over the turnstile while the bus is running). Larger buses often have a front section, before the turnstile, meant in priority for the elderly, handicapped and pregnant women - you can use it but you still have to pay Typical prices are around R 3,00. You can try asking the conductor to warn you when the bus is close to your destination. Depending on whether he or she understands you and feels like helping you, you may get help. In addition to large city buses, there are often minibuses or minivans ( alternativo ). You pay the driver when you go aboard. By boat edit In the Amazon region as well as on the coast west of Sao Luis, boat travel is often the only way to get around. Talk edit Brazilians use a lot of gestures in informal communication, and the meaning of certain words or expressions may be influenced by them. The thumbs up gesture is used to mean everythings OK . yes or even thanks . Avoid using the OK hand gesture for these meanings, as it can be considered obscene. Wagging your extended index finger back and forth andor clicking your tongue behind your teeth two or three times means no Using your index finger to pull down one of your lower eyelids can mean watch out . keeping an eye on or not a fool depending on context. Stroking your two biggest fingers with your thumb is a way of referring to money or saying something is expensive . Snapping a few times can mean fast . a long time ago or a lot depending on context. Stroking your lips and then snapping means delicious pinching your earlobe means the same in some regions. Making a fist with your thumb between the index and middle finger, known as the figa . is a sign of good or bad luck depending on the region. Touching the palm with the thumb and making a circular movement with the hand in some regions can mean robbery . rip off . bribery or corruption depending on context. The hush gesture is considered extremely impolite, about the same as shouting shut up to someone. An informal way to get someones attention, similar to a whistle, is a hissing sound: pssiu It is not perceived as unpolite, but gets really annoying if repeated more than twice. The official language of Brazil is Portuguese. spoken by the entire population (except for a few, very remotely located tribes). Indeed, Brazil has had immigrants from all parts of the world for centuries, whose descendants now speak Portuguese as their mother tongue. Brazilian Portuguese has a number of pronunciation differences with that spoken in Portugal (and within, between the regions there are some quite extreme accent and slang differences), but speakers of either can understand each other. However, European Portuguese (Luso) is more difficult for Brazilians to understand than the reverse, as many Brazilian television programs are shown in Portugal. Notice that a few words can have a totally different meaning in Brazil and Portugal, usually slang words. An example of this is Rapariga which in Portugal means young girl, and in Brazil means a prostitute. English is not widely spoken except in some touristy areas. Dont expect bus or taxi drivers to understand English, so it may be a good idea to write down the address you are heading to before getting the cab. In most big and luxurious hotels, it is very likely that the taxi fleet will speak some English. Spanish has some similarity with Portuguese. Brazilian tourists are able to make basic questions and give basic answers when visiting Spain or other Latin American countries and vice-versa. Of course such communication is quite awkward (mainly due to tilded vowels and semivowelization of e and o when being the last vowel of a Portuguese word), so take a phrase book and be prepared for slow communication with a lot of interpretive gestures. See edit add listing Natural wonders edit Mata Atlantica, Bahia Amazon Rainforest - The Amazon River Basin holds more than half of the worlds remaining rainforest, and over 60 of that lies within the North of Brazil 8212 approximately one billion acres with incredible biodiversity. The region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, over 40,000 plants species, 2200 fish species, and more than 2,000 types of birds and mammals. One in five of all the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams. Atlantic Forest ( Mata Atlntica ) - A region of tropical and subtropical forest which extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the Northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the South. The Atlantic Forest has a wide variety of vegetation, including the many tree species such as the iconic araucaria tree in the south or the mangroves of the northeast, dozens of types of bromeliads and orchids, and unique critters such as capivara . The forest has also been designated a World Biosphere Reserve, with a large number of highly endangered species including the well-known marmosets, lion tamarins and woolly spider monkeys. Unfortunately, it has been extensively cleared since colonial times, mainly for the farming of sugar cane and for urban settlements 8212 The remnants are estimated to be less than 10 of the original, and that is often broken into hilltop islands. However, large swaths of it are protected by hundreds of parks, including 131 federal parks, 443 state parks, and 14 municipal parks, most of which are open to visitation. Campos Gerais - With a vast vegetation of grasses and areas of transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest, this region offers beautiful scenery of cliffs and canyons, as Jaguaricat Valley, beyond the fifth and the eighth most extensive canyons in the world, which are respectively Guartel and Jaguariava. Jaguariava the canyon is made more beautiful rafting activity in Brazil. Pantanal - A vast tropical wetland expanse, one of the worlds largest. 80 of it lies within the state of Mato Grosso do Sul but it also extends into Mato Grosso (as well as into portions of Bolivia and Paraguay ), sprawling over an area estimated at between 140,000 and 195,000 square kilometers (54,000-75,000 sq mi). 80 of the Pantanal floodplains are submerged during the rainy seasons, nurturing an astonishing biologically diverse collection of aquatic plants and helping support a dense array of animal species. Waterfalls ( Cachoeiras ) - Brazil has an amazing range of impressive waterfalls of all sizes and shapes. Iguau Falls . in eastern Parana. is one of the most spectacular waterfalls in the world, truly a sight to see. The 353-meter Cachoeira da Fumaa in Bahia s Chapada Diamantina National Park is the countrys second highest waterfall, after the Amazon s almost inaccessible Cachoeira do Araca . Other famous waterfalls include Caracol Falls . in a Rio Grande do Sul state park of the same name near Canela. Itaquira Falls . an easily accessible 168-meter fall near Formosa. Gois. and the gorge at Parque da Cascata near Sete Lagoas. Minas Gerais. Aside from the nationally famous falls, in many parts of the country, particularly the South. Southeast. and Central West regions, you are rarely far from at least one locally-famous, named waterfall worth a short hike. Architecture edit Colonial architecture - Many cities have reminders of Brazils colonial past, with churches, monasteries, forts, barracks, and other structures still intact. Some of the most concentrated and best-preserved colonial buildings can be found in old gold-mining towns such as Ouro Preto and Tiradentes. but many other cities such as Rio de Janeiro. Petrpolis. Salvador. Recife. Paraty. and Goinia have quite significant colonial centers as well. Oscar Niemeyer works - Niemeyer, Brazils most famous architect, is a modern architectural pioneer who explores the aesthetic impact of reinforced concrete, using curves to create buildings with a unique sense of space. He is most famous for designing many of the buildings when the new capital of Brasilia was built in the 1950s, but his works literally dot the country, with major works in Natal. Joo Pessoa. Recife. Belo Horizonte. Rio de Janeiro. Niteri. So Paulo. Londrina and other locations. Do edit add listing Gay Travel edit Due to its high degree of acceptance and tolerance, gay travel is increasingly popular. Brazil hosted the first gay ball in America in 1754 Nowadays the main lesbian and gay destinations are Rio. which was elected the worlds sexiest destination twice, So Paulo and Braslia. which has the worlds largest Pride Parade, Florianpolis. which is the hippest gay hangout and Recife which is attracting more and more lesbian and gay tourists looking for fun and sun. Carnival edit The biggest party in the world takes places across the country every year, lasting almost a week in February or early March. It is celebrated in a wide variety of ways, from the giants boneco masks of Olinda and the trios eltricos of Salvador to the massive samba parades of Rio de Janeiro and So Paulo. For a relatively more subdued atmosphere, check out the university-style street party of Ouro Preto or the sporty beach party at Ilha do Mel. Dont forget to make your reservations well in advance New Year Celebrations edit Every New Years Eve, many Brazilians have a very strong celebration that is believed to give luck. The people in the largest cities usually travel to the coast to see and ever contribute to the fireworks, while dressed in white, which is understood to mean a lucky colour. They all gather flowers to give to the sea as originally the local african groups thought it would please the goddess of the sea, which means they set the flowers on the water and let it float away to where ever the current will take it. These are usually white flowers with a green stem and green leaves. It is a custom that the flowers should be white as the clothing. Some people nest the flowers in a small fishing boat and some simply drop the leaves on the water. It is said this tradition have been constant since it first started. Not everyone does it, but anyone in the area will most likely do it. Beaches edit Almost the entire coast is lined with fabulous beaches, and the beach lifestyle is a big part of Brazilian culture. Nowhere is that more true than in Rio de Janeiro. with its laidback, flip-flop-footed lifestyle and famous beaches like Ipanema and Copacabana. Beaches in other areas of the country may not have the instant name recognition but are no less amazing. The Northeast has jewels like Jericoacoara. Praia do Futuro. Boa Vista. Porto de Galinhas. and Morro de So Paulo which bring in throngs of travellers, particularly Europeans. Landlocked mineiros go mingle with the rich and famous at Guarapari or dance forr in the sand at Itaunas. while paulistas head for Caragu or Ubatuba. In the South. weekend revelers flock to Ilha do Mel or Balnerio Cambori. while the 42 beaches of Santa Catarina Island draw in thousands of Argentianian tourists every year. Hundreds more beaches lie ready to be explored as well. Volunteer edit ETIV do Brazil etivdobrasil. org A local NGO amp Non-Profit Organization that offers meaningful volunteer opportunities in a beautiful tropical surf town called Itacar, which is located on the coast of Southern Bahia. ETIV do Brasil offers projects in Youth Development, Environmental Conservation, Teaching English, Animal Welfare and Womens Empowerment. They can also offer housing, Portuguese, Samba and Capoeira classes to volunteers and well as Eco-Adventure tours to the exotic beaches, jungles and waterfalls in and around Itacare. Sports edit Soccer - Soccer is the talk of the town wherever you are in Brazil, and the country is brimming with great teams and great players. Rio de Janeiro has the world-famous Maracan Stadium . Mineiro in Belo Horizonte. Morumbi Stadium in So Paulo. Arena Grmio and Beira-Rio in Porto Alegre . Volleyball - While soccer is the main sport in Brazil, is very normal to find spaces on the beaches where you can play beach volleyball, but this version of the sport possess a different code of rules than indoor volleyball (for example instead of six players, only two players are allowed to play on each team). International Charter Group: - 30 - Yacht charter and sailing, one of the worlds largest yacht charter companies, can take care of all charter requirements, from bareboat to crewed in the Brazil. Operating from nine offices worldwide (USA, Spain, UK, Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Switzerland, Caribbean, Honk Kong and Dubai). Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: One of, if not the most, effective martial arts ever created by the Gracie family of Rio de Janeiro . Olympics - The leading international sporting events will take place August 5 - August 21 2016 in Rio de Janeiro. 6177 athletes will be competing in 306 events in 28 sports. spectator passes can be purchased through the Official Olympic site: rio2016 Buy edit add listing Brazils unit of currency is the Real (pronounced hay-OW), plural Reais (hay-ICE), abbreviated BRL, or just R. One real is divided into 100 centavos. As an example of how prices are written, R1,50 means one real and fifty centavos. Be careful using credit cards at taxis, gas stations, newsstands and small outlets. Their owners arent so careful about checking employees and technicians who perform maintenance on card machines, so many people have their cards compromised and then over several days have money siphoned off their cards. A safer option is to use cash for small expenses (so you dont need to carry too much - just make sure you only withdraw from bank ATMs) and to go to bigger stores with multiple machines since their managers use to enforce security and checking protocols to prevent scammers from compromising card machines (gas station franchises being a sad exception). If you choose to use your credit card, keep an eye on your statement. Travellers checks can be hard to cash anywhere that does not offer currency exchange. Foreign currency such as US Dollars or Euros can be exchanged at major airports and luxury hotels (although at bad rates), exchange bureaus and major branches of some banks, where you need your passport and your immigration form. Look for an ATM with your creditdebit card logo on it. Large branches of Banco do Brasil (no withdrawal fees for credit cards) usually have one, and most all Bradesco, Citibank, BankBoston, Santander and HSBC machines will work. Banco 24 Horas is a network of ATMs which accept foreign cards (charging R 10 per withdrawal). Withdrawal limits are usually R 700 (Bradesco) or R 1000 (BB, HSBC, B24H), per transaction, and in any case R 1000 per day. The latter can be circumvented by several consecutive withdrawals, choosing different accounts, i. e. credit card, checking, savings. Note that most ATMs do not work or will only give you R 100 after 10 PM. In some smaller towns there is no ATM able to accept foreign cards. Be sure you carry enough cash if you intend to stay far from larger cities. There are many federal regulations for dealings with foreign currency, trading in any currency other than Real in Brazil is illegal, although some places in big cities and bordering towns accept foreign money and many exchange offices operate in a shady area. In addition, exchange offices are almost impossible to find outside of big cities. Currencies other than USD and EUR are hard to exchange and the rates are ridiculous. If you would like to exchange cash at a bank, be prepared to pay a hefty commission. F. eks Banco do Brasil collects US15 for each transaction (regardless of amount). In May 2016 (just 3 months before Rio Olympic Games) Federal Government enacted new taxes over currency exchange: 1.1 for bill (species) transactions and 6.38 for travellers check and credit card ones. Wiring money to Brazil can be done through Western Union 31 transfers to be picked up at a Banco do Brasil branch in most cities, and also quite a few exchange offices. A majority of Brazilian shops now accepts major credit cards. However quite a few online stores only accept cards issued in Brazil, even though they sport the international logo of such cards. It is also very common for credit cards being used like debit card. When you pay using card commonly you will hear the question: Crdito ou dbito (Credit or debit). Using debit card is like paying in cash, the difference is, the cash was in your bank account - not in your wallet. Contactless cards are accepted in Brazil but not widely understood. Merchants are often confused by the concept of entering the transaction amount into their card terminal before presenting the card. If you see a contactless symbol on a merchants card terminal, then it will accept contactless payments, although the chances are that the employee wont know the procedure. By the time they have worked out the procedure, it will have been faster to use chip amp PIN instead. Apple Pay works on contactless card terminals in Brazil, at least for MasterCard, despite not yet being supported for cards issued in Brazil. Some places put signs stating a minimum card value payment. This is illegal. Every commercial establishment that accepts card is required to accept payment regardless of the amount. If the merchant that accepts cards refuses to receive the payment due to the low value, call the police or PROCON (consumer protection agency). It is also illegal to pay change for cents with candies (for example, R 0,05 or R 0,10) without asking the customer in advance. You have the right to refuse the candies and demand true money. Coins are R0.05, R0.10, R0.25, R0.50 and R1. Some denominations have several different designs. Images from the central bank of Brazil 32. And more 33. Bills come in the following denominations: R2. R5. R10 (still a few plastic red and blue around), R20. R 50 and 100. Images from the central bank of Brazil 34. Since 2010 Real bills were redesigned and are replacing old ones. Still, you are likely to find some older bills circulating. Souvenirs edit Similar to the rest of Latin America, hand-crafted jewelry can be found anywhere. In regions that are largely populated by Afro-Brazilians youll find more African-influenced souvenirs . including black dolls. Havaianas jandals are also affordable in Brazil and supermarkets are often the best place to buy them 8212 small shops usually carry fake ones. If you have space in your bags, a Brazilian woven cotton hammock is a nice, functional purchase as well. Another interesting and fun item is a peteca . a sort of hand shuttlecock used in a traditional game of the same name, similar to volleyball. Shopping edit Its not a bad idea to pack light and acquire Brazilian clothes within a couple of days of arrival. It will make you less obvious as a tourist. Brazilians have their own sense of style and that makes tourists - especially those in Hawaiian shirts or sandals with socks - stand out in the crowd. Have some fun shopping, and blend in. Store windows will often display a price followed by X 5 or X 10, etc. This is an installment-sale price. The price displayed is the per-installment price, so that, R50 X 10, for example, means 10 payments (typically monthly) of R50 each. Make sure any appliances you buy are either dual voltage or the same as in your home country. Frequency in Brazil is 60Hz, so dont buy electric clocks or non-battery operated motorized items if you live in Europe or countries like Argentina, Australia or New Zealand. Voltage however varies by state or even regions inside the same state. (see Electricity below). Brazilian-made appliances and electronics are usually expensive or of poor quality. All electronics are expensive compared to European or US prices. Brazil uses a hybrid video system called PAL-M. It is NOT at all compatible with the PAL system of Europe and Australia. Television began in black and white using the NTSC system of the USA and Canada, then years later, using PAL for its analogue colour - making PAL-M a totally unique system. Nowadays, most new TV sets are NTSC compatible. However the newly-introduced digital TV standard is not compatible with that of most other countries. Digital video appliances such as DVD players are also compatible with NTSC (all digital colour is the same worldwide), but make sure the DVD region code(s), if any, match your home country (Brazil is part of Region 4). Prices for imported electronic goods can be quite expensive due to high import tax, and the range of domestic electronic gadgets is not very wide. Also, be aware that the term DVD in Brazil is both an abbreviation for the disc itself and for its player, so be specific to avoid confusion. There are plenty of bargains to be had, especially leather goods, including shoes (remember sizes are different though). Clothes in general are a good buy, especially for women, for whom there are many classy items. Street markets, which are common, are also a cheap option, but avoid brand names like Nike - you will pay more and its fake. Dont be afraid to feel an item. If it doesnt feel right, most likely it isnt. Beware of the dreaded Made in China label, and be in mind some Brazilian-made products are less robust than their American or European counterparts. Eat edit add listing Cuisine edit Brazils cuisine is as varied as its geography and culture. On the other hand, some may find it an unrefined melange, and everyday fare can be bland and monotonous. While there are some quite unique dishes of regional origin, many dishes were brought by overseas immigrants and have been adapted to local tastes through the generations. Italian and Chinese food in Brazil can often be as baffling as Amazonian fare. Brazils national dish is feijoada . a hearty stew made of black beans, pork (ears, knuckles, chops, sausage) and beef (usually dried). Its served with rice, garnished with collard greens and sliced oranges. Its not served in every restaurant the ones that serve it typically offer it on Wednesdays and Saturdays. A typical mistake made by tourists is to eat too much feijoada upon first encounter. This is a heavy dish 8212 even Brazilians usually eat it parsimoniously. The standard Brazilian set lunch is called prato feito . with its siblings comercial and executivo . Rice and brown beans (in Rio de Janeiro there is only black beans, other types are rare) in sauce, with a small steak. Sometimes farofa, spaghetti, vegetables and French fries will come along. Beef may be substituted for chicken, fish or others. Excellent seafood can be found in coastal towns, especially in the Northeast. Brazilian snacks, lanches (sandwiches) and salgadinhos (most anything else), include a wide variety of pastries. Look for coxinha (deep-fried, batter-coated chicken), empada (a tiny pie, not to be confused with the empanada - empadas and empanadas are entirely different items), and pastel (fried turnovers). Another common snack is a misto quente . a pressed, toasted ham-and-cheese sandwich. Po-de-queijo . a roll made of manioc flour and cheese, is very popular, especially in Minas Gerais state - po-de-queijo and a cup of fresh Brazilian coffee is a classic combination. Regional cuisines edit Southern - Churrasco is Brazilian barbecue, and is usually served rodizio or espeto corrido (all-you-can-eat). Waiters carry huge cuts of meat on steel spits from table to table, and carve off slices onto your plate (use the tongs to grab the meat slice and dont touch the knife edge with your silverware to avoid dulling the edge). Traditionally, you are given a small wooden block colored green on one side and red on the other. When youre ready to eat, put the green side up. When youre too stuffed to even tell the waiter youve had enough, put the red side up. Rodizio places have a buffet for non-meaty items beware that in some places, the desserts are not considered part of the main buffet and are charged as a supplement. Most churrasco restaurants ( churrascarias ) also serve other types of food, so it is safe to go there with a friend that is not really fond of meat. While churrascarias are usually fairly expensive places (for Brazilian standards) in the North, Central and the countryside areas of the country they tend to be much cheaper then in the South and big cities, where they are frequented even by the less affluent. Black beans stew ( feijao ou feijoada ) is also very popular, particularly in Rio de Janeiro, where most restaurants traditionally serve the dish on Saturdays. It comprises black beans cooked with pork meat accompanied by rice and farofa (manioca flour with eggs) and greens fried with garlic. Mineiro is the miners cuisine of Minas Gerais. based on pork and beans, with some vegetables. Dishes from Gois are similar, but use some local ingredients such as pequi and guariroba . Minas Gerais cuisine if not seen as particularly tasty, has a homely feel that is much cherished. The food of Bahia . on the northeast coast has its roots across the Atlantic in East Africa and Indian cuisine. Coconut, dende palm oil, hot peppers, and seafood are the prime ingredients. Tip: hot (quente) means lots of pepper, cold (frio) means less or no pepper at all. If you dare to eat it hot you should try acaraj (deep fried edible black bean soup) and vatap (prawn-filled roasties). Esprito Santo and Bahia have two different versions of moqueca . a delightful tomato-based seafood stew prepared in a special type of clay pot. Amazonian cuisine draws from the food of the indigenous inhabitants, including various exotic fish and vegetables. There is also a stupendous variety of tropical fruits. Cear s food has a great sort of seafood, and is known to have the countrys best crab. Its so popular that literally every weekend thousands of people go to Praia do Futuro in Fortaleza to eat fried fish and crabs (usually followed by cold beer). In the coastal cities of Paran like Morretes and Antonina. the dish named barreado is served. Its a meat stew thickened with manioc flour and served with slices of banana, slowly cooked for at least 12 hours on hermetically-sealed clay pots. Brazilian cuisine also has a lot of imports: Pizza is very popular in Brazil. In So Paulo, travellers will find the highest rate of pizza parlours per inhabitant in the country. The variety of flavours is extremely vast, with some restaurants offering more than 100 types of pizza. It is worth noting the difference between the European mozzarella and the Brazilian mussarela. They differ in flavor, appearance and origin but buffalo mozzarella (mussarela de bfala) is also often available. The Brazilian mussarela, which tops most pizzas, is yellow in color and has a stronger taste. In some restaurants, particularly in the South, pizza has no tomato sauce. Other dishes of Italian origin, such as macarro (macaroni), lasanha and others are also very popular. Middle-eastern (actually Levantine i. e. mostly Syrian and Lebanese ) food is widely available. Most options offer high quality and a big variety. Some types of middle-eastern food, such as quibe and esfiha have been adapted and are available at snack stands and fast food joints nation-wide. You can also find shawarma (kebabs) stands, which Brazilians call churrasco grego (Greek Barbecue) So Paulos Japanese restaurants serve up lots of tempura, yakisoba, sushi and sashimi. The variety is good and mostly the prices are very attractive when compared to Europe, USA and Japan. Most Japanese restaurants also offer the rodizio or buffet option, with the same quality as if you ordered from the menu. Sometimes, however, it can be quite a departure from the real thing. The same can be said of Chinese food, again with some variations from the traditional. Cheese-filled spring rolls, anyone. Japanese restaurants (or those that offer Japanese food) are much commoner than Chinese and can be found in many Brazilian cities, especially in the state of So Paulo. Restaurants edit All restaurants will add a 10 service charge on the bill, and this is all the tip a Brazilian will ever pay. It is also what most waiters survive on, but it is not mandatory and you may choose to ignore it, although is considered extremely rude to do it. In some tourist areas you might be tried for extra tip, but you dont need to tip more - Brazilian tourist almost never do it. There are two types of self-service restaurants, sometimes with both options available in one place: all-you-can-eat buffets with barbecue served at the tables, called rodzio . or a price per weight ( por quilo ), very common during lunchtime throughout Brazil. Load up at the buffet and get your plate on the scales before eating any. In the South theres also the traditional Italian galeto, where youre served different types of pasta, salads, soups and meat (mostly chicken) at your table. Customers are allowed by law to visit the kitchen and see how the food is being handled, although its uncommon. Some Brazilian restaurants serve only meals for two. The size of the portions might not say in the menu, so its recommended asking the waiter. Most restaurants of this category allow for a half-serving of such plates ( meia-poro ), at 60-70 of the price. Also, couples at restaurants often sit side-by-side rather than across from each other observe your waiters cues or express your preference when being seated. Fast food is also very popular, and the local takes on hamburgers and hot-dogs (cachorro-quente, translated literally) are well worth trying. Brazilian sandwiches come in many varieties, with ingredients like mayonnaise, bacon, ham, cheese, lettuce, tomato, corn, peas, raisins, french fries, ketchup, eggs, pickles, etc. Brave eaters may want to try the traditional complete hot dog (just ask for a completo ), which, aside from the bun and the sausage, will include everything on display. The ubiquitous X-Burger (and its varieties X-Salad, X-Tudo, etc.) is not as mysterious as it sounds: the pronunciation of the letter X in Portuguese sounds like cheese, hence the name. Large chains: The fast-food burger chain Bobs is found nationwide and has been around in the country for almost as long as McDonalds. There is also a national fast-food chain called Habibs which despite the name serves pizza in addition to Arabian food (and the founder is a Portuguese migrant, by the way). Recent additions, though not as widespread, are Burger King and Subway. Drink edit add listing Caipirinha and cachaa bottles Alcohol edit Brazils national booze is cachaa ( cah-shah-sah . also known as aguardente (burning water) and pinga ), a sugar-cane liquor known to knock the unwary out quite quickly. Mass-produced, industrial cachaa is cheap and has 40 alcohol. Rural, tradicional cachaa made on small distilleries usually has about 20 alcohol, but is highly praised nationwide for its superior taste. This also means its far more costly, but its worth each Real. It can be tried in virtually every bar in the country. Famous producing regions include Minas Gerais. where there are tours of distilleries, and the city of Paraty. Pirassununga is home to Caninha 51, Brazils best-selling brand. Outside Fortaleza there is a cachaa museum ( Museu da Cachaa ) where you can learn about the history of the Ypioca brand. Drinking cachaa straight, or stirring in only a dollop of honey or a bit of lime juice, is a common habit on the Northeast region of the country, but the strength of cachaa can be hidden in cocktails like the famous caipirinha . where it is mixed with sugar, lime juice and ice. Using vodka instead of cachaa is nicknamed caipiroska or caipivodka with white rum, its a caipirssima and with sake its a caipisaque (not in every region). Another interesting concoction is called capeta (devil), made with cachaa, condensed milk, cinnamon, guarana powder (a mild stimulant), and other ingredients, varying by region. If you enjoy fine brandy or grappa, try an aged cachaa . Deep and complex, this golden-coloured spirit is nothing like the ubiquitous clear liquor more commonly seen. A fun trip is to an alambique - a local distillery, of which there are thousands throughout the country - not only will you be able to see how the spirit is made from the raw cane sugar, you will probably also get a better price. Well worth a try is Brazilian whisky Its actually 50 imported scotch - the malt component - and approximately 50 Brazilian grain spirit. Dont be misled by American sounding names like Wall Street. It is not bourbon. While imported alcohol is very expensive, many international brands are produced under license in Brazil, making them widely available, and fairly cheap. You can buy booze in the tax-free after landing at Brazilian airports, but it generally is more expensive than buying it outside the airports. Beer edit Beer in Brazil has a respectable history because of the German immigrants. Most Brazilian beer brands tend to be way less thick and bitter than German, Danish or English beer. More than 90 of all beer consumed in Brazil is Light Lager type, like Standard American Lager, here called Pilsner, and it is usually drunk very cold (direct from refrigerator). The most popular domestic brands are Brahma . Antarctica . and Skol . Traditional brands include Bohemia . Caracu - a stout - . Original and Serramalte . They are easily found in bars and are worth trying but are usually a little bit more expensive than the popular beers. There are also some national premium and craft beers that are found only in some specific bars and supermarkets if you want to taste a good Brazilian beer, search for Baden Baden . Colorado . Eisenbahn . Petra . Theresopolis . Coruja and others. There are also some international beers produced by national breweries like Heineken and Stella Artois and have a slightly different taste if compared with the original beers. There are two ways of drinking beer in bars: draft or bottled beer. Draft lager beer is called chope or chopp (SHOH-pee), and is commonly served with one inch of foam, but you can make a complaint to the bartender if the foam is consistently thicker than that. In bars, the waiter will usually collect the empty glasses and bottles on a table and replace them with full ones, until you ask him to stop, in a tap charging system. In the case of bottled beer, bottles (350ml, 600ml or 1l) are shared among everyone at the table and poured in small glasses, rather than drunk straight from the bottle. Brazilians like their beer nearly ice-cold - hence, to keep the temperature down, bottles of beer are often kept in an insulated polystyrene container on the table. Wine edit Rio Grande do Sul is the leading wine production region. There are a number of wine-producing farms that are open to visitors and wine tasting, and wine cellars selling wine and fermented grape juice. One of these farms open to visitors is Salton Winery 31. located in the city of Bento Gonalves. The So Francisco Valley . along the border of the states of Pernambuco and Bahia. is the countrys newest wine-producing region. Brazilian wines are usually fresher, fruitier and less alcoholic than, for instance, French wines. There are also the popular, rot-gut brands like Sangue de Boi . Cano and Santa Felicidade . In Minas Gerais. look for licor de jabuticaba (jabuticaba liquor) or vinho de jabuticaba (jabuticaba wine), an exquisite purple-black beverage with a sweet taste. Jabuticaba is the name of a small grape-like black fruit native to Brazil. Coffee and tea edit Yellow Catua Coffee, a variety of coffea arabica, town of Manhuau, Minas Gerais StateTrulia8217s Blog Stephen Dorff Is Selling An Architectural Gem In Malibu After 16 years, the actor is moving on from this stunning beachfront home. 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Is Your Landlord Breaking The Law 8 Warning Signs The best way to protect yourself from an unscrupulous landlord is to know your tenant rights. 3 Overlooked Tax Breaks Your Home May Be Able To Cash In On Minimize what youll owe and maximize what youll get back at tax time.
Forex Weekly Outlook 28 november-3 desember Den amerikanske dollaren nådde nye høyder mot euro og yenen, men noen gevinsttak ble sett midt i Thanksgiving vaction. Vi er ikke tilbake til full virksomhet: BNP-data i USA og Canada, USAs forbrukertillid og en full oppbygging til USAs ikke-gårdslønn skiller seg ut. Dette er de viktigste hendelsene i kalenderen vår. Her er en oversikt over høydepunktene i denne uken. Amerikanske varige ordre i oktober viste en kraftig stigning i oktober, og økte med 4,8 på sterkere salg. Dette var den fjerde måneden med gevinster ut av fem, noe som tyder på at bedriftens investeringer begynner å vise. Utgivelsen overgikk prognoser på 1,2 gevinst. Et annet oppmuntrende nyhetsbrev var økningen i Core-ordre utenom transportvarer, og økte med 1,0 etter en økning på 0,2 i forrige måned. Denne positive utgivelsen øker håpet om at bedriftsinvesteringene til slutt endrer seg og er satt til å bli bedre. Letrsquos starter, Mario Draghi snakker: Mandag, 14:00. Den euro...
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